Expand this topic to see the functions.
ABS - Absolute value of a number
ACOS - Arc Cosine - Returns the angle (in radians) whose cosine is the given float.
ASIN - Arc Sine
ATAN - Arc Tangent
ATN2 - This function returns ATAN(y/x) and is specific only to SQL Server. We have included it for compatibility purposes.
CEILING - Ceiling returns the next highest value that is greater or equal to the input
COS - Cosine
COT - Cotangent
DEGREES - Conversion routine for converting from RADIANS to DEGREES
EXP - Returns the math constant e (~2.71828183) raised to the power of the number passed.
FLOOR - Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the number input.
FRAC - Returns the decimal part of a real number.
INT - Returns the integer (whole) part of a real number.
LOG - The natural logarithm of the input number.
LOG10 - The base-10 logarithm of the input number.
MAXOF - Selects the largest value in a math set.
MINOF - Selects the smallest value in a math set.
PI - Returns the value of PI.
POWER - Returns the value of the input number to the given power (x^y).
RADIANS - Given in input in degrees the function returns radians.
RAND - Returns a random float value from 0-1
ROUND - Rounds the number given to the specified number of decimal places.
SIGN - Returns the positive, zero, or negative sign of the input value.
SIN - Sine
SQRT - Square Root
SQUARE - Given a number returns the square of the input.
TAN - Returns the tangent of the input value.
Invalid operations will return NaN (Not a Number).